06122006 歐盟公佈《RoHS指令》執行指引

歐盟公佈《RoHS指令》執行指引

今年5月31日，英國負責執行《六大限用有害物質指令》(RoHS)的國家度量衡檢定實驗所(NWML)公佈RoHS執行指引文件。根據RoHS指令規定，每個歐盟會員國可自行決定執行方式。會員國同意制定一套非強制性指引，以提供進口商及生產商清晰的建議，並且知道如何履行RoHS規定。

◎ 執行指引 四大重點

執行RoHS法例的原則
生產商應保存的文件類別
RoHS執行機構應如何利用該等文件，查核業者是否符合RoHS規定
準備樣品及進行分析測試的方式
◎ 選取調查對象 根據八大標準

一般而言，執行部門會根據下列準則選取調查的對象：市場情報；隨機抽查；已知含有高危害物質的產品；大批量產品；短壽產品；回收利用機會甚低的消費品；歐盟以外地區的通知；以及歐盟會員國的通知。如有需要的話，會員國的執行部門可向生產商提出正式要求，展開調查。

◎ 符合性文件 循二種途徑

國家當局將要求生產商做出自我聲明。該指引文件列出遵守RoHS規定的步驟，由自我聲明到提供文件及進行測試均包括在內。有關文件方面，可遵守二種途徑來符合RoHS規定：

途徑一：提供關於生產商內部制度的文件及概覽文件，證明遵守RoHS規定。
屬於『以程序為基礎』的技術文件，應顯示公司及供應鏈均設有確保符合規定制度，以及如何落實該制度。文件應說明公司採取什麼程序及措施來評估RoHS符合性，並提供內部審查結果，證明確保符合規定制度的有效性。
途徑二：提供關於產品物理特徵的文件及概覽文件，證明符合規定。
屬於『以產品為基礎』的技術文件，應顯示生產商及供應商作出的保證，聲明所使用的限用物質並無超過標準，以及說明產品零件所採用的物料(但只限於受RoHS管制的物質，並非所有物料)，並就產品零件的均質物料提供分析報告。
◎ 高度風險產品 均質物料測試

有關樣品製作及分析測試方面，該指引列出統一的方針，並表示進行測試通常是證明符合RoHS規定的最後一種方法，但對於高風險產品而言，均質物料測試是證明符合RoHS規定的最有效方法。另外，針對樣品測試，該指引建議生產商集中測試已知的高危害物質，樣品最好要易於從實驗室的設施分隔出來。

－ 本翻譯僅供參考，如有疑問請以網站原文為主。－

資料來源: 《香港貿發局 歐盟商情快訊網站》
詳細內容請至英國NWML 的RoHS網站瀏覽指引文件。

詳細內容請參考:
http://www.rohs.gov.uk/Docs/Links/RoHS%
20Enforcement%20Guidance%20Document%
20-%20v.1%20May%202006.pdf

如有測試或報價問題請電洽：
(02) 2299-3279 Ext. 3102~3124 (業務客服組)
或請參考SGS之 RoHS檢測服務。


RoHS Enforcement Guidance Document finally issued

On 31 May 2006, the UK's enforcement agency for RoHS, the National Weights and Measures Laboratory (NWML), issued its RoHS Enforcement Guidance Document. This document has been developed by the EU Member States through discussions within the EU RoHS Enforcement Authorities Informal Network.

The RoHS Directive provides that each of the EU Member States can decide on the manner in which enforcement will be carried out. The Directive simply provides that "the penalties... provided for shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive". The EU Member States have agreed on non-mandatory guidance in an effort to level the playing field for RoHS enforcement across Europe and prevent differences in enforcement policy which could lead to confusion, complications and additional costs for producers and importers.

Although the guidance is non-binding, it is extremely useful to importers and producers as it provides clear advice on how they may demonstrate compliance with RoHS legislation.

The guidance document looks at four key issues:
● the underlying principles that can be used to guide RoHS enforcement;
● the type of documentation that producers should keep;
● the manner in which RoHS enforcement agencies might rely on such documentation to check for RoHS compliance; and
● the ways in which sample preparation and analytical testing might be employed.

The scope of products under RoHS being so broad, enforcement authorities must decide which EEE they wish to select for further investigation. The road to such selection will normally stem from market surveillance activities -- which involve one or more of the following criteria: market intelligence; random selection; products which are known to contain materials of high concern; high volume products; short life products; consumer products that are unlikely to be recycled; notification of concern from external parties; and notification of concern from other Member States. If concerns do arise, then the Member State enforcement authority may, at this stage, decide to submit a formal request to the producer, triggering an investigation.

National authorities will require self-declaration from producers as the key principle underlying the enforcement process. The guidance sets out a step-by-step approach to RoHS compliance, from self-declaration through to providing documentation and carrying out testing where required.

As regards documentation, two routes to compliance are provided for in this approach:
● route 'A' which requires the production of typical information relating to the producer's internal systems to ensure RoHS
compliance, as well as overview documentation; or
● route 'B' (felt to be more relevant for SMEs) which requires typical information relating to a product's physical attributes
that shows that it is RoHS compliant, together with overview documentation.

Compliance documentation for route A is "process-based" technical documentation. It should demonstrate the compliance assurance system in place both within the company and within the supply chain, and also how the system is implemented; technical documentation to support the process and measures being used to assess the conformity with RoHS; and results of internal and supplier audits to validate the compliance assurance system.

Compliance documentation for Route B is "product- or parts-based" technical documentation. This should demonstrate producers' or suppliers' warranties or certificates declaring that the use of restricted substances is within the permitted levels; producers' or suppliers' completed materials declaration for each part, and justifications, e.g., of use of exemptions (declarations would be limited to the list of RoHS substances and not all materials); and an analysis report for homogenous materials in parts or components.

Finally the guidance lays down the harmonised approach to sample preparation and analytical testing, a subject which has been causing producers some concern. The guidelines state that testing will usually be seen as a last resort; nonetheless, at the same time it is suggested that analytical testing of homogeneous materials in products or specific components may be useful, particularly for higher risk products. Examples are provided of standard analytical testing methods which are recommended or being developed (such as the IEC standard testing for the IT, telecoms and consumer electronics sector).

Further examples of screening methods and sampling strategies are also provided, with the guidance recommending that producers concentrate on known "high concern" materials and applications and samples that can be separated from equipment for laboratory testing through usual techniques. Commission guidance on sampling is also included, together with examples.

Source: 《Tdctrade in Hong Kong Website》
For Guidance Document, please view at UK’s NWML for RoHS website:
http://www.rohs.gov.uk/Docs/Links/RoHS%20Enforcement%20Guidance%20Document%20-%20v.1%20May%202006.pdf